per Neil Miller
An ipsilateral or contralateral relative afferent pupillary defect (RAPD) unassociated with any decrease in visual acuity, reduced color vision, or visual defect, but with setting of an isolated fourth nerve palsy, RAPD indicated localization to brachium of superior colliculus and almost always indicates the fourth nerve paresis is central in origin.
An ipsilateral or contralateral relative afferent pupillary defect (RAPD) unassociated with any decrease in visual acuity, reduced color vision, or visual defect, but with setting of an isolated fourth nerve palsy, RAPD indicated localization to brachium of superior colliculus and almost always indicates the fourth nerve paresis is central in origin.
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