Blondin and Greer. The Neurologist 2011; 17:241-248.
1. Beware of accumulation of midazolam, propofol, and fentanyl during hypothermia
2. Traditional statement about prognosis with no motor signs (pupil, corneal, posturing) does not apply to hypothermia, as some survivors with good prognosis who were treated with hypothermia had no responses till day 6. The presence of a motor response at day 3 suggests a good outcome.Absent motor response does not predict a poor outcome.
3. Absent brainsten reflexes at day 3 is predictive of poor response but is not absolute.
4. SEP responses disappear below 30 degrees centigrade. At 32-34 degrees, they should be prolonged but present
5. EEG: small studies; alpha coma, and burst suppression patients did not regain consciousness, and refractory status epilepticus patients did not regain consciousness. All patients with initially continuous EEG did regain consciousness, and among those with flat eeg's only those that evolved to a continuous pattern regained consciousness.
6. Myoclonus is not predictive uniformly of a bad prognosis.It may be due to weaning neuromuscular blockade, to seizures, or metabolic status.
7. Neuron specific enolase (NSE) is important in coma, but there is no reliable cutoff number among patients treated with hypothermia. Otherwise, rising NSE between 24-48 hours is important.
8. MRI ADC abnormalities > 10 % of brain volume 2 or more days out invariably had a bad prognosis.
1. Beware of accumulation of midazolam, propofol, and fentanyl during hypothermia
2. Traditional statement about prognosis with no motor signs (pupil, corneal, posturing) does not apply to hypothermia, as some survivors with good prognosis who were treated with hypothermia had no responses till day 6. The presence of a motor response at day 3 suggests a good outcome.Absent motor response does not predict a poor outcome.
3. Absent brainsten reflexes at day 3 is predictive of poor response but is not absolute.
4. SEP responses disappear below 30 degrees centigrade. At 32-34 degrees, they should be prolonged but present
5. EEG: small studies; alpha coma, and burst suppression patients did not regain consciousness, and refractory status epilepticus patients did not regain consciousness. All patients with initially continuous EEG did regain consciousness, and among those with flat eeg's only those that evolved to a continuous pattern regained consciousness.
6. Myoclonus is not predictive uniformly of a bad prognosis.It may be due to weaning neuromuscular blockade, to seizures, or metabolic status.
7. Neuron specific enolase (NSE) is important in coma, but there is no reliable cutoff number among patients treated with hypothermia. Otherwise, rising NSE between 24-48 hours is important.
8. MRI ADC abnormalities > 10 % of brain volume 2 or more days out invariably had a bad prognosis.
Posts
No comments:
Post a Comment